Aeolian Mode is one of the 7 modes derived from the major scale. Its interval formula — 1 2 b3 4 5 b6 b7 — gives it a distinctive sound that sets it apart from every other mode. The characteristic note is the flat 6th (b6) — the note that distinguishes natural minor from Dorian, which is what your ear latches onto and identifies as the Aeolian Mode sound.
You hear it in: Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath, Metallica, Pink Floyd, virtually all rock.
Aeolian IS natural minor. If you know minor pentatonic, Aeolian adds the 2nd and b6 — two more notes that fill in the gaps between your pentatonic boxes.
Parent major key: minor third above root (parent major = root + 3 frets). So if you want to play A Aeolian Mode, find its parent major scale root and use those major scale box positions — the notes will be correct for A Aeolian Mode when you emphasize A as the tonal center.
Select Aeolian Mode from the Full Scale dropdown — a Pro feature, in all 12 keys. The pentatonic boxes are free.
Open Pentatonic Box →Like all modes, Aeolian Mode can be played in 5 interconnected box positions that cover the entire neck. Each box sits within a 4-5 fret span and uses the same interval pattern regardless of what key you're in — only the starting fret changes.

A Aeolian on the full neck: each color is one box, red dots are the root (A).

Box 1 on its own. Open A Aeolian in the interactive fretboard (Pro) →
Aeolian is the natural minor scale, so its matching 7th arpeggio is the minor 7 arpeggio (R · ♭3 · 5 · ♭7), built on the same root. Aim for those notes when you solo and your Aeolian lines outline the chord underneath. For the three-note chord shapes of the same chord, see guitar triads and inversions, and for every pairing see which arpeggio fits which scale.